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Compare Singapore (2003) - San Marino (2003)
Compare Singapore (2003) z San Marino (2003)
| Singapore (2003) | San Marino (2003) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none | 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 17.3% (male 411,656; female 385,575)
15-64 years: 75.5% (male 1,687,217; female 1,793,783) 65 years and over: 7.2% (male 144,277; female 186,087) (2003 est.) |
0-14 years: 16.3% (male 2,364; female 2,220)
15-64 years: 67.1% (male 9,149; female 9,731) 65 years and over: 16.6% (male 2,009; female 2,646) (2003 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | rubber, copra, fruit, orchids, vegetables; poultry, eggs, fish, ornamental fish | wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides |
| Airports | 9 (2002) | none (2002) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 9
over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
- |
| Area | total: 692.7 sq km
land: 682.7 sq km water: 10 sq km |
total: 61.2 sq km
land: 61.2 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly more than 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC | about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Singapore was founded as a British trading colony in 1819. It joined the Malaysian Federation in 1963 but separated two years later and became independent. It subsequently became one of the world's most prosperous countries with strong international trading links (its port is one of the world's busiest) and with per capita GDP equal to that of the leading nations of Western Europe. | The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. |
| Birth rate | 12.75 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 10.49 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $27.9 billion
expenditures: $19.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.4 billion (FY 00/01 est.) |
revenues: $400 million
expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) |
| Capital | Singapore | San Marino |
| Climate | tropical; hot, humid, rainy; two distinct monsoon seasons - Northeastern monsoon from December to March and Southwestern monsoon from June to September; inter-monsoon - frequent afternoon and early evening thunderstorms | Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers |
| Coastline | 193 km | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Constitution | 3 June 1959, amended 1965 (based on preindependence State of Singapore Constitution) | 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution |
| Country name | conventional long form: Republic of Singapore
conventional short form: Singapore |
conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino local long form: Repubblica di San Marino local short form: San Marino |
| Currency | Singapore dollar (SGD) | euro (EUR) |
| Death rate | 4.31 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Debt - external | $8.2 billion (2002 est.) | $NA |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Franklin L. LAVIN
embassy: 27 Napier Road, Singapore 258508 mailing address: PSC Box 470, FPO AP 96507-0001 telephone: [65] 6476-9100 FAX: [65] 6476-9340 |
the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador CHAN Heng Chee
chancery: 3501 International Place NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 537-3100 FAX: [1] (202) 537-0876 consulate(s) general: San Francisco consulate(s): New York |
San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
honorary consulate(s) general: Washington, DC and New York honorary consulate(s): Detroit and Honolulu |
| Disputes - international | disputes with Malaysia over deliveries of fresh water to Singapore, Singapore's land reclamation works on Johor, maritime boundaries, and Singapore-occupied Pedra Branca Island/Pulau Batu Putih persist - parties agree to ICJ arbitration on island dispute within three years | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Singapore, a highly developed and successful free market economy, enjoys a remarkably open and corruption-free environment, stable prices, and one of the highest per capita GDPs in the world. The economy depends heavily on exports, particularly in electronics and manufacturing. It was hard hit in 2001-2002 by the global recession and the slump in the technology sector. The government hopes to establish a new growth path that will be less vulnerable to the external business cycle than the current export-led model but is unlikely to abandon efforts to establish Singapore as Southeast Asia's financial and high-tech hub. | The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2000 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food. |
| Electricity - consumption | 28.35 billion kWh (2001) | NA (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2001) | 0 kWh
note: electric power supplied by Italy |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2001) | 0 kWh
note: electricity supplied by Italy |
| Electricity - production | 30.48 billion kWh (2001) | NA |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001) |
fossil fuel: 41.18%
hydro: 58.82% nuclear: 0% other: 0% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Singapore Strait 0 m
highest point: Bukit Timah 166 m |
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
highest point: Monte Titano 755 m |
| Environment - current issues | industrial pollution; limited natural fresh water resources; limited land availability presents waste disposal problems; seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution |
| Ethnic groups | Chinese 76.7%, Malay 14%, Indian 7.9%, other 1.4% | Sammarinese, Italian |
| Exchange rates | Singapore dollars per US dollar - 1.79 (2002), 1.79 (2001), 1.72 (2000), 1.69 (1999), 1.67 (1998) | euros per US dollar - 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Sellapan Rama (S. R.) NATHAN (since 1 September 1999)
head of government: Prime Minister GOH Chok Tong (since 28 November 1990) and Deputy Prime Ministers Brig. Gen. (Ret.) LEE Hsien Loong (since 28 November 1990) and TAN Keng Yam Tony (since 1 August 1995) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 28 August 1999 (next to be held by August 2005); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president; deputy prime ministers appointed by the president election results: Sellapan Rama (S. R.) NATHAN elected president unopposed |
chief of state: cochiefs of state Captain Regent Giovanni LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Valeria CIAVATTA (for the period 1 October 2003-31 March 2004)
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 17 December 2002) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA September 2003 (next to be held NA March 2004); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 17 December 2002 (next to be held NA June 2007) election results: Giovanni LONFERNINI and Valeria CIAVATTA elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA%; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - 40% note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some of the prerogatives of a prime minister |
| Exports | NA (2001) | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy |
| Exports - commodities | machinery and equipment (including electronics), consumer goods, chemicals, mineral fuels | building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics |
| Exports - partners | Malaysia 17.4%, US 15.3%, Hong Kong 9.2%, Japan 7.1%, China 5.5%, Taiwan 4.9%, Thailand 4.6%, South Korea 4.2% (2002) | - |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Flag description | two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; near the hoist side of the red band, there is a vertical, white crescent (closed portion is toward the hoist side) partially enclosing five white five-pointed stars arranged in a circle | two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $112.4 billion (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - $940 million (2001 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NEGL%
industry: 33% services: 67% (2001 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $25,200 (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - $34,600 (2001 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 2.2% (2002 est.) | 7.5% (2001 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 1 22 N, 103 48 E | 43 46 N, 12 25 E |
| Geography - note | focal point for Southeast Asian sea routes | landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines |
| Highways | total: 3,066 km
paved: 3,066 km (including 150 km of expressways) unpaved: 0 km (1999) |
total: 220 km
paved: 220 km unpaved: 0 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | as a transportation and financial services hub, Singapore is vulnerable, despite strict laws and enforcement, to be used as a transit point for Golden Triangle heroin and as a venue for money laundering | - |
| Imports | NA (2001) | trade data are included with the statistics for Italy |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and equipment, mineral fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs | wide variety of consumer manufactures, food |
| Imports - partners | Malaysia 18.2%, US 14.3%, Japan 12.5%, China 7.6%, Thailand 4.6%, Taiwan 4.6% (2002) | - |
| Independence | 9 August 1965 (from Malaysian Federation) | 3 September 301 |
| Industrial production growth rate | -9.8% (2002 est.) | 6% (1997 est.) |
| Industries | electronics, chemicals, financial services, oil drilling equipment, petroleum refining, rubber processing and rubber products, processed food and beverages, ship repair, entrepot trade, biotechnology | tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 3.57 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 3.87 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) |
total: 5.97 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 6.41 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -0.4% (2002 est.) | 3.3% (2001) |
| International organization participation | APEC, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, BIS, C, CP, ESCAP, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMISET, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO | CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 9 (2000) | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court (chief justice is appointed by the president with the advice of the prime minister, other judges are appointed by the president with the advice of the chief justice); Court of Appeals | Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII |
| Labor force | 2.19 million (2000) | 18,500 (1999) |
| Labor force - by occupation | financial, business, and other services 35%, manufacturing 21%, construction 13%, transportation and communication 9%, other 22% | services 57%, industry 42%, agriculture 1% (2000 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total: 39 km
border countries: Italy 39 km |
| Land use | arable land: 1.64%
permanent crops: 0% other: 98.36% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 0% other: 83.33% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Chinese (official), Malay (official and national), Tamil (official), English (official) | Italian |
| Legal system | based on English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Parliament (84 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms); note - in addition, there are up to nine nominated members; the losing opposition candidate who came closest to winning a seat may be appointed as a "nonconstituency" member
elections: last held 3 November 2001 (next to be held 25 June 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - PAP 75.3% (in contested constituencies), other 24.7%; seats by party - PAP 82, WP 1, SDA 1 |
unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 10 June 2001 (next to be held by June 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 41.4%, PSS 24.2%, PD 20.8%, APDS 8.2%, RC 3.4%, AN 1.9%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 15, PD 12, APDS 5, RC 2, AN 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 80.42 years
male: 77.46 years female: 83.6 years (2003 est.) |
total population: 81.43 years
male: 77.9 years female: 85.26 years (2003 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93.2% male: 96.7% female: 89.7% (2003 est.) |
definition: age 10 and over can read and write
total population: 96% male: 97% female: 95% (1976 est.) |
| Location | Southeastern Asia, islands between Malaysia and Indonesia | Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy |
| Map references | Southeast Asia | Europe |
| Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone: within and beyond territorial sea, as defined in treaties and practice
territorial sea: 3 NM |
none (landlocked) |
| Merchant marine | total: 859 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 20,836,021 GRT/32,765,063 DWT
ships by type: bulk 125, cargo 85, chemical tanker 87, combination bulk 6, combination ore/oil 8, container 176, liquefied gas 38, livestock carrier 3, multi-functional large-load carrier 2, petroleum tanker 277, refrigerated cargo 4, roll on/roll off 4, short-sea passenger 1, specialized tanker 12, vehicle carrier 31 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 7, Belgium 6, China 12, Denmark 27, Germany 17, Greece 4, Hong Kong 44, Indonesia 8, Japan 52, Malaysia 4, Monaco 22, Netherlands 2, Norway 42, Philippines 6, Russia 3, Slovenia 1, South Korea 10, Sweden 13, Switzerland 7, Taiwan 46, Tanzania 2, Thailand 22, UAE 4, UK 14, US 1 (2002 est.) |
- |
| Military branches | Army, Navy, Air Force, People's Defense Force, Police Force | Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar), Gendarmerie; note - the Voluntary Military Force performs ceremonial duties and limited police assistance |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $4.47 billion (FY01 est.) | $700,000 (FY00/01) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 4.9% (FY01) | NA% |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49: 1,392,740 (2003 est.) | - |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49: 1,012,498 (2003 est.) | - |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 9 August (1965) | Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301) |
| Nationality | noun: Singaporean(s)
adjective: Singapore |
noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sammarinese |
| Natural hazards | NA | NA |
| Natural resources | fish, deepwater ports | building stone |
| Net migration rate | 25.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) | 11.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Pipelines | gas 139 km (2003) | - |
| Political parties and leaders | governing party: People's Action Party or PAP [GOH Chok Tong]; opposition parties: Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [leader NA]; National Solidarity Party or NSP [Steve CHIA]; Singapore Democratic Alliance or SDA [CHIAM See Tong] (includes SPP, PKMS, NSP, SJP); Singapore Democratic Party or SDP [CHEE Soon Juan]; Singapore Justice Party or SJP [leader NA]; Singapore National Malay Organization or PKMS [Muhammad ALI Aman]; Singapore People's Party or SPP [CHIAM See Tong]; Workers' Party or WP [LOW Thia Kiang] | Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [leader NA]; Party of Democrats or PD [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Giovanni LONFERNINI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 4,608,595 (July 2003 est.) | 28,119 (July 2003 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 3.42% (2003 est.) | 1.38% (2003 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Singapore | none |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 16, shortwave 2 (1998) | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Railways | total: 38.6 km
narrow gauge: 38.6 km 1.000-m gauge note: there is also an 83 km mass transit system with 48 stations |
0 km; note - there is a 1.5-km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore |
| Religions | Buddhist (Chinese), Muslim (Malays), Christian, Hindu, Sikh, Taoist, Confucianist | Roman Catholic |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
| Suffrage | 21 years of age; universal and compulsory | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: major consideration given to serving business interests; excellent international service
domestic: excellent domestic facilities international: submarine cables to Malaysia (Sabah and Peninsular Malaysia), Indonesia, and the Philippines; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean), and 1 Inmarsat (Pacific Ocean region) |
general assessment: adequate connections
domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system international: connected to Italian international network |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 1.95 million (2000) | 18,000 (1998) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 2.74 million (2000) | 3,010 (1998) |
| Television broadcast stations | 6 (2000) | 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997) |
| Terrain | lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature preserve | rugged mountains |
| Total fertility rate | 1.24 children born/woman (2003 est.) | 1.31 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 4.6% (2002 est.) | 2.6% (2001) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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